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Interpreting Measured Night Flows. (Report E)

Order Code: NS85
ISBN Number: 1898920109
Publisher: WRC
No. of Pages: 63
Date of Publication: 1994

Price: £40.00









Understanding flows in distribution systems during the night is a key to managing the losses from the system. This report introduces a standard terminology to minimise misunderstandings and develops methodologies to assess night flow delivered, customer night use and the annual average underground supply pipe losses. The report develops a method to reconcile differences between minimum night flows and losses calculated from an annual water balance. A methodology has been included to estimate night flow when no significant bursts exist, to enhance the awareness of unreported bursts and contains some preliminary data on burst flow rates related to pipe size and pressure.

  • Glossary and terminology
  • aspects of night Flow variability
  • overview of night Flow variability for a Range of district meter areas
  • night Flow delivered and Customer night use
  • methodology for Estimating Background minimum night flows for individual district meter areas
  • Reconciliation of differences between minimum night flows and Losses calculated from annual water balances.


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